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ENGINEERING DESIGN FUNDAMENTALS
Students will be required to design a schematic diagram of a technology for an environmental application, including material and energy balances and flow diagram. Focusing on the ability to undertake common environmental engineering equipment design calculations. The report also provides an opportunity to evaluate students written communication skills through the preparation of a suitable paperwork. The report should be about 4000 words, and in an appropriate format including title page, contents page, introduction, some appropriate headings, design chapter, conclusions, references all calculations need to be hand written and scanned.
Ethyl alcohol (C2H5OH) is to be recovered from an aqueous solution by continuous distillation. The feed will contain 9% w/w ethyl alcohol. Ethyl alcohol of at least _65_% purity is required (top product), and the bottom product must not contain more than 0.9 % alcohol. The optimum reflux ratio is 1.57Rmin. The number of plates equivalent to one theoretical plate is 1.91. Amount of steam of C2H5OH in the alcohol-water mixture is __2.3_m3/s (at point 5 of the diagram). Pressure in the column is 1 atm. Design a distillation column, reboiler and condenser suitable for conducting the process. Water with the temperature of _25__C is available for cooling condenser. Temperature of the feed is 24C. Steam at 1.75 atm pressure is used for heating the column.
The final document should include items 1 and 2 for problem 2 (30% weighting), items 3 and 4 for problem 3 (30% weighting), and items 5-7 for problem 4 (20% weighting)):
1. Introduction.
2. Flow-sheet of the process (including material and energy balances).
3. Calculations of the condenser.
4. Drawings of the condenser (using of CAD is preferable).
5. Calculations of the column with the reboiler.
6. Drawings of the column with the reboiler (using of CAD is preferable).
7. Conclusions and recommendations.
Equilibrium data
x, Liq
0
0.025
0.05
0.1
0.15
0.2
0.25
0.3
0.35
0.4
0.45
0.5
0.55
0.6
0.65
0.7
0.75
0.8
1
y*, Vap
0
0.225
0.36
0.516
0.6
0.65
0.69
0.71
0.73
0.74
0.75
0.767
0.778
0.79
0.8
0.81
0.83
0.85
1
tC
100
97.4
95.2
93.1
91.5
90.3
90
88.2
87
86.1
85.2
84.4
83.5
83
82.3
81.9
80.9
80.2
78.3
Boiling point (1atm, 100% alcohol) – 78.3C
Density (100% alcohol, 25C) – 789kg/m3
Specific heat (100% alcohol, 25C) – 0.61 kcal / kgC
Latent heat of vaporisation (100% alcohol, 78.3C) – 834.3 kJ/kg
Enthalpy of water steam (1.75 atm, 116C) – 2705 kJ/kg
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